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" can lead to depression, self-loathing … self-harming behaviours such as cutting or drug and alcohol abuse … all the way up to people taking their own lives," Wells says. The lone study that suggested conversion therapy could be successful had notable limitations, as it was entirely based on self-reporting, according to researchers. Of the 13 studies, 12 concluded conversion therapy is ineffective and/or harmful. They found only 13 studies made an empirical determination about whether conversion therapy works. Researchers at Cornell University looked at 47 peer-reviewed studies from 1992 through 2015 about the effects of conversion therapy. The National reached out to two Canadians who have gone through it and they agreed to share their stories.
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At first, he says the psychiatrist prescribed several antidepressants and a sedative so that Gajdics' "innate heterosexuality would resurface."ĭuration 3:44 Those who've experienced conversion therapy often describe it as difficult and painful. Peter Gajdics, author of the book The Inheritance of Shame, spent six years in conversion therapy with a licensed psychiatrist in Victoria, B.C. It is believed conversion therapy has existed for more than a century, with German psychiatrist Albert von Schrenck-Notzing being one of the first to use the practice on patients. It employs various approaches, from talk therapy and medication, to aversion therapy that attempts to condition a person's behaviour by causing them discomfort through things like electric shocks when they're exposed to specific stimuli. 2:10 What is it?Ĭonversion therapy is a practice that aims to change an individual's sexual orientation to heterosexual or gender identity to cisgender, which means identifying with the sex assigned to them at birth. But the frustration that Alberta hasn't done so has prompted one Alberta city to take its own stand. In fact, only a handful of provinces have banned it outright. Duration 2:10 Alberta's United Conservative government says it does not condone conversion therapy.